Agreed that land and water are smaller compared to agriculture, but the electricity usage change is significant. The LLM boom is unlike prior datacenter workloads. The electrical demand is far higher due to the more power hungry chips and running them at full utilization. It’s projected to go from 5% to 15% of all US electrical demand in quite a short amount of time

This is delaying the closures of fossil fuel plants (here’s an example of 15 coal plants in the US last year), and starting to rely more heavily on generators to install capacity faster despite solar/wind being far cheaper

The report seems interesting if you want to have a look: https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/pol40/0996/2026/en/ Although when I skimmed it, it felt a little one-sided to me. A little overly focused on “average home user and impact on them” and less so other impacts.

For example, I found little on the wider impacts on art and personal expression in a society, like explored here: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/may/20/ai-art-concerns-originality-connection

Although I suppose perhaps that angle isn’t concrete enough for human rights violations, I don’t know. Or perhaps I just missed it. It’s a fairly long report.