Also, if I am allowed to do some absolutely shameless self promotion: Bus Simulator 21 is verified, and 18 is playable.

I would rather not waste money on a Windows license I am not going to use.

(Not that I would buy an Ally, I already have a SteamDeck.)

I fully second the sentiment that there is no good reason to switch distribution once you have found one that you like.

However, if your goal is to learn something new, and you don’t care about having to nuke the install and start over, then you could go the crazy route and install Linux From Scratch. It is unlikely to yield a maintainable result at first try, but if learning is your goal, this is your best shot at it.

Or you could go the not-that-crazy route and use Gentoo, which is basically Linux From Scratch, but automated. Setting it up is way quicker (couple of hours - except if you configure the kernel by hand), and you will with near certainty get a maintainable system on first try, but it is also far less educational, given that the automation does most of the work for you. (I have switched from Debian to Gentoo 10 years ago, after trying it on my netbook for some time, and I could not be happier. It only does what it should, is rolling release, and only very rarely has issues.)

I would only recommend those two approaches on a second PC though, without immediately switching the main PC over. Linux From Scratch is, as said, unlikely to yield a maintainable installation on first try, so you will likely nuke the install again. Gentoo, while perfectly usable as a daily driver, is certainly not everyone’s beer, and you might simply want to switch away again because you don’t like it.

5 GiB is plenty of space for a Linux root filesystem, at least if you move all writeable parts (logs, temporary files, etc.) to different filesystems. Unless you want to install LaTeX, then you probably need 15 GiB or so.

However, CUPS has had a fair share of security issues (for instance https://www.evilsocket.net/2024/09/26/Attacking-UNIX-systems-via-CUPS-Part-I/), so it is probably a good idea to have it disabled by default, unless the user needs printer support.

I guess this was being sarcastic, but just in case it wasn’t:

If you launch the game through Steam that probably won’t matter, because Steam brings along its own libraries for games to use. That collection of libraries is called “Steam Runtime”, and if the game only uses libraries from the Steam Runtime, it will run on any distribution that the Steam Runtime is compatible with (what afaik means basically all distributions).

There are some exceptions though. Graphics drivers for instance are not bundled in the Steam Runtime.

And last, but not least: Even if you don’t run the game through Steam, it’s probably just a bunch of libraries that need to be installed. They only need to be the same or a newer version than those used on the developers’ build server.

I have to second what xavier666 said. Use it as-is, at least for some time.

The only thing I would recommend is, that if you plan to play a lot of non-Steam games, it might be worth to enable SFTP access, so you can copy games from your PC over WLAN: https://handheld.quest/posts/how-to-ssh-steam-deck/
(just beware to not have it enabled while in a public WLAN - or at least disable password-based login)

Oh, and in case you want to play DOS games, I’ve written a short guide on how to configure DosBOX staging in order to get MIDI music working: https://www.grois.info/posts/2023-02/2023-02-02-dosbox-with-midi-on-the-steam-deck.xhtml

if done right in a roguelike game

Here, have a Dwarf Fortress: https://bay12games.com/dwarves/ (For the roguelike adventure mode, you currently need to get an older version, 0.47.5 or buy the game on Steam, as adventure mode in version 50.xx is still in beta.)

You have Debian experience? Then stick to it. It may be boring, but boring is good. That means it doesn’t need much maintenance, and that it just works.

They have done that already. It’s called Kylin.

Me neither. I only (have to) use Windows at work, all my own PCs have been running Linux for decades…

I do know however, that WSL emulates most (but not all) Linux syscalls, so you can ran (nearly) all Linux programs on Windows - including WINE. There is also a driver in Mesa so that you can render 3D graphics from within WSL on any DX12 graphics card.

They will likely write their own emulator, but don’t forget about WSL. You can already run WINE on Windows, I wouldn’t be surprised if you could also run FEX+WINE on Windows for ARM.

by intercepting syscalls and executing them directly

Not only syscalls. FEX and Box64 also allow using native libraries instead of emulating them. That leaves basically only the game logic to be emulated.

Yep. The big question is if the gap will close enough that ARM chips indeed end up delivering better power efficiency with emulation than an AMD64 chip that delivers the same performance without emulation.

My bets would be on the native AMD64 chip ending up more power efficient. To be honest, I would not bet too much money though.

ARM based Deck would be a huge improvement to battery life. Don’t get your hopes up too high. You will need an emulation layer like FEX of Box64, and unlike WINE those do have quite a substantial overhead.

It is impressive how far those emulators have come, especially since they got the option to use native libraries instead of emulated ones, but the game logic itself will always need emulation…

This doesn’t mean it can’t be done, it just means that the ARM CPU needs to be pretty fast to counter the emulation overhead, and that’s why I have my doubts about the energy efficiency…

(Btw: I have tried running several AMD64 games on my A311D powered MNT Reform laptop with Box64. It’s impressive how well the emulation runs, and how many games are actually playable already. However, I also encountered a lot of games that don’t reach enjoyable FPS on that hardware. With a faster ARM chip though…)

Need to enshittify it enough to make the AI features feel like an improvement.

This. There is very little need for third-party tools, as long as you don’t want to install a whole lot of games. After all, the installation process only happens once per game, and also without tools it doesn’t take very long.

As a step-by-step guide:

• Download the games from the GoG website. You can find them if you hover the site’s header bar, where your user-name is displayed. There’s a “Games” button which brings you to the list of games, where you can download the installers directly. The downloads are listed under “Download Offline Backup Game Installers”.
• Unpack the game installer.
  • Innoextract is your friend here. No need to run the installer, just unpack the files. Works with both, Windows and Linux games.
  • Alternatively, if it’s a native Linux game, you can just run the installer directly on the Steam Deck.
    • For Windows games you can theoretically also use Proton directly on the deck. However, the process is annoying, so I won’t go into details.
  • Alternatively, you can run the installer on your desktop PC and copy the files to the Deck via sftp.
• Add the game to Steam Library. This can be done in Desktop Mode. There’s a menu entry in Steam’s “Games” menu for that.
  • In the File Browser, you need to disable the file filter, as it (iirc) only shows .desktop files by default. You’ll want the game’s executable though.
• If it’s a Windows game, go to the game’s properties page in Steam, and force a specific compatibility tool for it, namely some recent version of Proton.
  • For native Linux games this step is usually not needed, but some very old games need to set the Steam Linux Runtime here.
  • For DOS games, check out my blog post about DOSBox on the Deck.
    • I don’t know how well it works on the Deck (never tried it, as I don’t feel it’s necessary), but there would also be boxtron.
• Last, but not least, use sgdboop to set some artwork.

I don’t know if this applies to CLAW, but many games back then had their audio stored as CD Audio Tracks. If that is the case, you might want to actually emulate a CDROM drive instead of just extracting the files. There is a CDROM emulator for Linux, called CDEmu, which can read CUE/BIN CD Images.

Oh, and that game seems to have an ancient 16-bit installer, which might not work on modern systems. However, according to WineHQ Appdb one can just copy the files from the CD and it works.

I only use my Steam Deck while I am away from my gaming (Linux-)PC. The reasons for this are that for me a big screen wins compared to the small (and relatively low-res) display of the Steam Deck, and also the games I usually play play way better with mouse and keyboard than with gamepad input… Also, the Steam Deck is relatively heavy, so gaming in bed or stuff like that also isn’t that enjoyable…

That said, the Steam Deck absolutely shines in situations where I cannot access my gaming PC. I usually take it with me when I go for a longer train ride, and also brought it along for vacation.

Compatibility wise I am in the situation that all the games I ever tried are working on the Steam Deck, but that’s mostly because I have been using Linux exclusively for decades, and have made it a habit to check if a game is going to work before buying it. Though, in recent years that habit slightly changed, thanks to the work Valve has put into WINE development. While back when I switched to Linux most Windows games would not run via WINE, nowadays one can expect that almost all games do. It is still a good idea to check protondb first, of course. Also, there are still a few games that need tinkering to get them to run, and protondb usually has some info on how to do that.

One negative point I have to mention is battery runtime. It strongly depends on what one is playing, but very demanding 3D games can drain the battery in 1.5 hours. However, I am talking about the old LCD model here, the newer OLED models run longer with one charge (though I don’t know how long actually).

Another negative is the display resolution. Most games don’t mind running on 1280x800, but some do. This can lead to illegible text, broken UI, or, as is the case with Stellaris, a different UI that is less convenient to use.

And last, but not least, performance. The Steam Deck GPU is just enough for the built-in display’s resolution, and also only under the assumption that games are reasonably optimized. I have not yet been in the situation that I would have gotten unplayable FPS, but I have heard a lot about games only running with 20 FPS, and needing upscaling… So, basically don’t expect it to run Crysis (yes, I know that joke is old, and that the Steam Deck can run Crysis just fine).

In addition to LibreOffice I often use standalone tools.

If I want a high quality document, I use LaTeX. Same for presentation slides. However, writing stuff in LaTeX is only worth the effort if the quality is needed. For non-important stuff I just use LibreOffice.

For calculations it depends on what I want to have in the end. If I just want to play with the data a bit, then LibreOffice Calc it is. However, if it is for something serious, I tend to write script files, or even full programs, that do the processing. That way computation and data is in separate files, and the used formulas are clearly visible and easy to debug.

I have been a user since the 90s. Back then it was still called StarOffice.

Its feature set differs from that of MS Office, and its performance could be (a lot!) better, but I strongly prefer the LibreOffice user interface, and the features that matter to me (like CSV import) are way better in LibreOffice. However, LibreOffice does not have all the features of MS Office, and some are notably worse (for instance auto-fill in spreadsheets, where Excel is way better at guessing the next value).

Sadly it’s not only a matter of preference, because file exchange between different office suites is not flawless. MS Office and LibreOffice don’t agree 100% on how to load each other’s files…